[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":684},["ShallowReactive",2],{"/zh/quiz/participe-present-zh":3},{"id":4,"title":5,"body":6,"description":17,"extension":673,"meta":674,"navigation":679,"path":680,"seo":681,"stem":682,"__hash__":683},"zhQuiz/zh/quiz/participe-present.md","法语现在分词详解",{"type":7,"value":8,"toc":650},"minimark",[9,14,18,23,26,141,145,148,188,193,198,240,244,271,275,305,309,361,365,382,385,440,444,447,486,490,536,540,594,598,602,605,609,613,616,619,623,626,629,633,636,640,644,647],[10,11,13],"h1",{"id":12},"法语现在分词le-participe-présent详解","法语现在分词（Le participe présent）详解",[15,16,17],"p",{},"在法语中，现在分词是一种以 -ant 结尾的动词形式，它的功能类似于英语中的 \"-ing\" 形式！举个例子，当我们在英语中说 \"walking\" 时，在法语中就说 \"marchant\"。现在分词在描述人物动作状态和事物特征时非常实用，掌握它可以让你的法语表达更加地道和优雅。",[19,20,22],"h2",{"id":21},"_1-如何构建现在分词","1. 如何构建现在分词",[15,24,25],{},"现在分词的构建规则其实很简单，让我们通过具体例子来学习。",[27,28,35,36,35,103],"div",{"className":29},[30,31,32,33,34],"grid","grid-cols-1","md:grid-cols-2","gap-4","my-4","\n    ",[27,37,43,44,43,51,43,55,35],{"className":38},[39,40,41,42],"border","rounded-lg","p-4","bg-gray-50","\n        ",[15,45,50],{"className":46},[47,48,49],"font-bold","text-lg","mb-2","基本变位规则",[15,52,54],{"className":53},[49],"记住这个简单的方法：取现在时 \"nous\" 变位形式，将词尾 -ons 替换成 -ant 即可。",[27,56,61,62,43],{"className":57},[58,59,60],"border-l-4","border-[#f35e3e]","pl-4","\n            ",[63,64,67,68,67,83,67,93,61],"ul",{"className":65},[66],"space-y-2","\n                ",[69,70,71,72,78,79],"li",{},"动词 parler：nous parl",[73,74,77],"span",{"className":75},[76,47],"text-[#f35e3e]","ons"," → parl",[73,80,82],{"className":81},[76,47],"ant",[69,84,85,86,89,90],{},"动词 finir：nous finiss",[73,87,77],{"className":88},[76,47]," → finiss",[73,91,82],{"className":92},[76,47],[69,94,95,96,99,100],{},"动词 vendre：nous vend",[73,97,77],{"className":98},[76,47]," → vend",[73,101,82],{"className":102},[76,47],[27,104,43,106,43,110,43,114,35],{"className":105},[39,40,41,42],[15,107,109],{"className":108},[47,48,49],"三个特殊动词",[15,111,113],{"className":112},[49],"注意！以下这三个高频动词的现在分词形式需要特别记忆：",[27,115,61,117,43],{"className":116},[58,59,60],[63,118,67,120,67,127,67,134,61],{"className":119},[66],[69,121,122,123],{},"être（是）→ ",[73,124,126],{"className":125},[47],"étant",[69,128,129,130],{},"avoir（有）→ ",[73,131,133],{"className":132},[47],"ayant",[69,135,136,137],{},"savoir（知道）→ ",[73,138,140],{"className":139},[47],"sachant",[19,142,144],{"id":143},"_2-现在分词的用法","2. 现在分词的用法",[15,146,147],{},"现在分词在法语中有着丰富的用法，掌握这些用法可以让你的表达更加多样和优雅。",[27,149,152,153],{"className":150},[151,59,41,40,34],"border-2","\n 现在分词主要有两大类用法：\n",[154,155,156,174],"ol",{},[69,157,158,162,163],{},[159,160,161],"strong",{},"作为动词使用","（形式保持不变）",[63,164,165,168,171],{},[69,166,167],{},"替代 \"qui + 动词\" 的从句结构",[69,169,170],{},"表达原因或解释说明",[69,172,173],{},"描述同时发生的两个动作",[69,175,176,179,180],{},[159,177,178],{},"作为形容词使用","（需要根据所修饰的名词变化）",[63,181,182,185],{},[69,183,184],{},"描述事物或人的特征",[69,186,187],{},"表达事物或人的状态",[189,190,192],"h3",{"id":191},"a-作为动词使用时的具体情况","A. 作为动词使用时的具体情况",[194,195,197],"h4",{"id":196},"_1-替代-qui-动词-结构","1. 替代 \"qui + 动词\" 结构",[27,199,201,205],{"className":200},[42,41,40,34],[15,202,204],{"className":203},[47,49],"这种用法可以让表达更加优雅简洁：",[63,206,207,218,229],{},[69,208,209,210,213,214,217],{},"Je vois des enfants ",[159,211,212],{},"jouant"," dans le parc\n= Je vois des enfants ",[159,215,216],{},"qui jouent"," dans le parc\n（我看见在公园里玩耍的孩子们）",[69,219,220,221,224,225,228],{},"La dame ",[159,222,223],{},"parlant"," au téléphone est ma tante\n= La dame ",[159,226,227],{},"qui parle"," au téléphone est ma tante\n（正在打电话的那位女士是我的姑妈）",[69,230,231,232,235,236,239],{},"J'ai un ami ",[159,233,234],{},"habitant"," à Paris\n= J'ai un ami ",[159,237,238],{},"qui habite"," à Paris\n（我有一个住在巴黎的朋友）",[194,241,243],{"id":242},"_2-表达原因","2. 表达原因",[27,245,247,251],{"className":246},[42,41,40,34],[15,248,250],{"className":249},[47,49],"相当于使用 \"因为\"（parce que）或 \"由于\"（comme）：",[63,252,253,259,265],{},[69,254,255,258],{},[159,256,257],{},"Ayant"," mal à la tête, je suis rentré\n（因为头疼，我回家了）",[69,260,261,264],{},[159,262,263],{},"Ne sachant"," pas la réponse, j'ai demandé à mon prof\n（因为不知道答案，我问了老师）",[69,266,267,270],{},[159,268,269],{},"Étant"," en retard, elle a pris un taxi\n（因为迟到了，她打车去的）",[194,272,274],{"id":273},"_3-描述同时进行的动作","3. 描述同时进行的动作",[27,276,278,282],{"className":277},[42,41,40,34],[15,279,281],{"className":280},[47,49],"通常在现在分词前加上 \"en\"，表示两个动作同时发生：",[63,283,284,291,298],{},[69,285,286,287,290],{},"Il mange ",[159,288,289],{},"en regardant"," la télé\n（他边看电视边吃饭）",[69,292,293,294,297],{},"Elle écoute de la musique ",[159,295,296],{},"en travaillant","\n（她边工作边听音乐）",[69,299,300,301,304],{},"Il parle ",[159,302,303],{},"en souriant","\n（他边说话边微笑）",[189,306,308],{"id":307},"b-en-现在分词-结构副动词","B. \"en + 现在分词\" 结构（副动词）",[27,310,312,316,319],{"className":311},[39,40,41,34],[15,313,315],{"className":314},[47,48,49],"这种结构在法语中称为副动词（gérondif），使用非常广泛",[15,317,318],{},"主要用于表达：",[63,320,35,324,35,337,35,349],{"className":321},[322,323,66],"list-disc","ml-4",[69,325,326,327,35],{},"动作的方式：\n        ",[27,328,331,332,336],{"className":329},[76,330],"ml-2","Il est parti ",[73,333,335],{"className":334},[47],"en courant","（他跑着离开了）",[69,338,339,340,35],{},"同时发生的动作：\n        ",[27,341,343,344,348],{"className":342},[76,330],"Elle lit ",[73,345,347],{"className":346},[47],"en mangeant","（她边吃边读）",[69,350,351,352,35],{},"达成目标的方法：\n        ",[27,353,355,356,360],{"className":354},[76,330],"On apprend ",[73,357,359],{"className":358},[47],"en pratiquant","（通过练习来学习）",[189,362,364],{"id":363},"c-作为形容词使用","C. 作为形容词使用",[27,366,368,371],{"className":367},[151,59,41,40,34],[15,369,370],{},"重要提示：",[63,372,373,376,379],{},[69,374,375],{},"用于描述事物的特征或状态",[69,377,378],{},"需要根据所修饰的名词进行性数变化",[69,380,381],{},"通常放在名词后面",[194,383,384],{"id":384},"具体例子",[27,386,35,388,35,414],{"className":387},[30,31,32,33,34],[27,389,43,391,43,395,35],{"className":390},[39,40,41],[15,392,394],{"className":393},[47,49],"阳性形式",[63,396,61,398,61,406,43],{"className":397},[66],[69,399,400,401,405],{},"Un film ",[73,402,404],{"className":403},[76],"intéressant","（一部有趣的电影）",[69,407,408,409,413],{},"Des jeux ",[73,410,412],{"className":411},[76],"intéressants","（一些有趣的游戏）",[27,415,43,417,43,421,35],{"className":416},[39,40,41],[15,418,420],{"className":419},[47,49],"阴性形式",[63,422,61,424,61,432,43],{"className":423},[66],[69,425,426,427,431],{},"Une histoire ",[73,428,430],{"className":429},[76],"intéressante","（一个有趣的故事）",[69,433,434,435,439],{},"Des activités ",[73,436,438],{"className":437},[76],"intéressantes","（一些有趣的活动）",[19,441,443],{"id":442},"_3-需要注意的特殊情况","3. 需要注意的特殊情况",[189,445,446],{"id":446},"拼写变化的词",[27,448,450,451],{"className":449},[42,41,40,34],"\n有些词在作为形容词使用时会略微改变拼写：\n",[27,452,35,456,35,471],{"className":453},[30,454,33,455],"grid-cols-2","mt-2",[27,457,43,458,43,462,35],{},[15,459,461],{"className":460},[47],"作为动词时",[63,463,61,465,61,468,43],{"className":464},[322,323],[69,466,467],{},"fatiguant（使...疲惫）",[69,469,470],{},"différant（使...不同）",[27,472,43,473,43,477,35],{},[15,474,476],{"className":475},[47],"作为形容词时",[63,478,61,480,61,483,43],{"className":479},[322,323],[69,481,482],{},"fatigant（令人疲惫的）",[69,484,485],{},"différent（不同的）",[189,487,489],{"id":488},"如何区分用法","如何区分用法？",[27,491,493,497,505,514,518,529],{"className":492},[39,40,41,34],[15,494,496],{"className":495},[47,49],"作为动词使用的标志：",[154,498,499,502],{},[69,500,501],{},"表示正在进行的动作",[69,503,504],{},"可以替换成 \"qui + 动词\" 结构",[27,506,35,509],{"className":507},[508,66],"mt-4",[15,510,513],{"className":511},[512,76],"font-italic","Les enfants fatiguant leurs parents...（使父母疲惫的孩子们...）",[15,515,517],{"className":516},[47,508,49],"作为形容词使用的标志：",[154,519,520,523,526],{},[69,521,522],{},"用来描述事物特征",[69,524,525],{},"前面可以加上 \"très\"（很）",[69,527,528],{},"需要随名词变化",[27,530,35,532],{"className":531},[508,66],[15,533,535],{"className":534},[512,76],"Un exercice très fatigant（一个很累人的练习）",[19,537,539],{"id":538},"_4-实用技巧","4. 实用技巧",[27,541,543,544],{"className":542},[151,59,41,40,34],"\n 高效使用现在分词的建议：\n",[154,545,546,563,578],{},[69,547,548,551,552],{},[159,549,550],{},"在正式写作中","（如正式信函）",[63,553,554,557],{},[69,555,556],{},"多使用现在分词，使表达更优雅",[69,558,559,560,562],{},"例如：Les personnes ",[159,561,234],{}," à Paris...（住在巴黎的人们...）",[69,564,565,568],{},[159,566,567],{},"在口语和短信中",[63,569,570,573],{},[69,571,572],{},"建议使用更简单的 \"qui + 动词\" 结构",[69,574,559,575,562],{},[159,576,577],{},"qui habitent",[69,579,580,583],{},[159,581,582],{},"重要提醒",[63,584,585,588,591],{},[69,586,587],{},"作为形容词时要注意性数一致",[69,589,590],{},"某些词作为形容词时拼写会改变",[69,592,593],{},"如果觉得复杂，可以选择使用 \"qui + 动词\" 结构",[19,595,597],{"id":596},"练习-现在分词","练习 - 现在分词",[189,599,601],{"id":600},"a-现在分词的构成","A. 现在分词的构成",[15,603,604],{},"选择正确的现在分词形式。",[606,607],"multi-choice-quiz",{":questions":608},"[{\"text\":\"构成现在分词：'manger'（我们形式：nous mangeons）\",\"options\":[\"mangant\",\"mangeant\",\"mangeons\",\"mangent\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"取'nous mangeons'的形式，把-ons替换成-ant\"},{\"text\":\"构成现在分词：'finir'（我们形式：nous finissons）\",\"options\":[\"finant\",\"finissant\",\"finant\",\"finist\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"取'nous finissons'的形式，把-ons替换成-ant\"},{\"text\":\"构成现在分词：'lire'（我们形式：nous lisons）\",\"options\":[\"lisant\",\"liant\",\"lit\",\"lisons\"],\"correctAnswer\":0,\"explanation\":\"取'nous lisons'的形式，把-ons替换成-ant\"},{\"text\":\"下列哪个是'savoir'（知道）的正确现在分词形式？\",\"options\":[\"savant\",\"sachant\",\"savoir\",\"savons\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"'savoir'是不规则动词，其现在分词是'sachant'\"},{\"text\":\"构成现在分词：'dormir'（我们形式：nous dormons）\",\"options\":[\"dormant\",\"dormions\",\"dormient\",\"dormissant\"],\"correctAnswer\":0,\"explanation\":\"取'nous dormons'的形式，把-ons替换成-ant\"}]",[189,610,612],{"id":611},"b-用法选择","B. 用法选择",[15,614,615],{},"选择正确的现在分词用法。",[606,617],{":questions":618},"[{\"text\":\"如何用法语表达'住在巴黎的女孩'？\",\"options\":[\"La fille habitante à Paris\",\"La fille habitant à Paris\",\"La fille en habitant à Paris\",\"La fille qui habite à Paris\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"用现在分词可以替代'qui + 动词'的结构\"},{\"text\":\"如何表达'因为我很累'？\",\"options\":[\"Étant fatigué\",\"En étant fatigué\",\"Être fatigué\",\"Ayant fatigué\"],\"correctAnswer\":0,\"explanation\":\"用现在分词表达原因\"},{\"text\":\"下列哪个句子是正确的？\",\"options\":[\"Il mange regardant la télé\",\"Il mange en regardant la télé\",\"Il mange regardent la télé\",\"Il mange au regardant la télé\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"同时进行的动作用'en + 现在分词'\"},{\"text\":\"如何表达'通过练习来学习'？\",\"options\":[\"Elle apprend à pratiquant\",\"Elle apprend avec pratiquant\",\"Elle apprend en pratiquant\",\"Elle apprend par pratiquant\"],\"correctAnswer\":2,\"explanation\":\"表达方式用'en + 现在分词'\"},{\"text\":\"哪个句子正确使用了现在分词？\",\"options\":[\"Les enfants en jouant dans le parc sont mes voisins\",\"Les enfants jouants dans le parc sont mes voisins\",\"Les enfants jouant dans le parc sont mes voisins\",\"Les enfants qui jouants dans le parc sont mes voisins\"],\"correctAnswer\":2,\"explanation\":\"替代'qui + 动词'时，使用现在分词，不需要'en'\"}]",[189,620,622],{"id":621},"c-区分动词和形容词","C. 区分动词和形容词",[15,624,625],{},"判断下划线的词是动词的现在分词还是形容词。",[606,627],{":questions":628},"[{\"text\":\"Cette histoire est très \u003Cb>intéressante\u003C/b>.（这个故事很有趣。）\",\"options\":[\"动词的现在分词\",\"形容词\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"可以加'très'，是形容词\"},{\"text\":\"Je vois une fille \u003Cb>portant\u003C/b> un sac rouge.（我看见一个女孩拿着红色包。）\",\"options\":[\"动词的现在分词\",\"形容词\"],\"correctAnswer\":0,\"explanation\":\"可以替换成'qui porte'，是动词\"},{\"text\":\"C'est un film \u003Cb>fatigant\u003C/b>.（这是一部令人疲惫的电影。）\",\"options\":[\"动词的现在分词\",\"形容词\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"描述电影的特性，是形容词\"},{\"text\":\"\u003Cb>Ayant\u003C/b> fini ses devoirs, il est sorti.（做完作业后，他出去了。）\",\"options\":[\"动词的现在分词\",\"形容词\"],\"correctAnswer\":0,\"explanation\":\"表示动作（完成），是动词\"},{\"text\":\"Les exercices sont \u003Cb>amusants\u003C/b>.（这些练习很有趣。）\",\"options\":[\"动词的现在分词\",\"形容词\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"描述特性且有性数变化，是形容词\"}]",[189,630,632],{"id":631},"d-填空练习","D. 填空练习",[15,634,635],{},"用正确的现在分词形式完成句子。",[637,638],"input-quiz",{":sentences":639},"[[{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\"Je vois Marie \"},{\"type\":\"input\",\"answer\":\"traversant\"},{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\" la rue. (traverser)\"}],[{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\"Il apprend le français \"},{\"type\":\"input\",\"answer\":\"en regardant\"},{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\" des films. (regarder)\"}],[{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\"\"},{\"type\":\"input\",\"answer\":\"Étant\"},{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\" malade, je reste au lit. (être)\"}],[{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\"Elle chante \"},{\"type\":\"input\",\"answer\":\"en dansant\"},{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\". (danser)\"}],[{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\"Les personnes \"},{\"type\":\"input\",\"answer\":\"habitant\"},{\"type\":\"text\",\"content\":\" ici sont sympathiques. (habiter)\"}]]",[189,641,643],{"id":642},"e-日常情境练习","E. 日常情境练习",[15,645,646],{},"选择最自然的表达方式。",[606,648],{":questions":649},"[{\"text\":\"你想表达'我看见有人在街上走'。\",\"options\":[\"J'ai vu quelqu'un qui marche dans la rue\",\"J'ai vu quelqu'un marchant dans la rue\",\"J'ai vu quelqu'un en marchant dans la rue\",\"J'ai vu quelqu'un marche dans la rue\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"用现在分词替代'qui + 动词'更优雅\"},{\"text\":\"你要向朋友解释你是如何学习法语的。\",\"options\":[\"J'apprends avec faisant des exercices\",\"J'apprends à faisant des exercices\",\"J'apprends en faisant des exercices\",\"J'apprends par faisant des exercices\"],\"correctAnswer\":2,\"explanation\":\"表达方式用'en + 现在分词'\"},{\"text\":\"你因为生病没去参加派对。\",\"options\":[\"Être malade, je ne suis pas allé à la fête\",\"En étant malade, je ne suis pas allé à la fête\",\"Étant malade, je ne suis pas allé à la fête\",\"Ayant été malade, je ne suis pas allé à la fête\"],\"correctAnswer\":2,\"explanation\":\"用现在分词表达原因\"},{\"text\":\"你想说昨天看的电影很有趣。\",\"options\":[\"Le film regardant hier était intéressant\",\"Le film regardé hier était intéressant\",\"Le film en regardant hier était intéressant\",\"Le film qui regardant hier était intéressant\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"这里需要用过去分词，因为是已完成的动作\"},{\"text\":\"你想说你边工作边听音乐。\",\"options\":[\"J'écoute de la musique travaillant\",\"J'écoute de la musique en travaillant\",\"J'écoute de la musique au travaillant\",\"J'écoute de la musique par travaillant\"],\"correctAnswer\":1,\"explanation\":\"同时进行的动作用'en + 现在分词'\"}]",{"title":651,"searchDepth":652,"depth":652,"links":653},"",2,[654,655,661,665,666],{"id":21,"depth":652,"text":22},{"id":143,"depth":652,"text":144,"children":656},[657,659,660],{"id":191,"depth":658,"text":192},3,{"id":307,"depth":658,"text":308},{"id":363,"depth":658,"text":364},{"id":442,"depth":652,"text":443,"children":662},[663,664],{"id":446,"depth":658,"text":446},{"id":488,"depth":658,"text":489},{"id":538,"depth":652,"text":539},{"id":596,"depth":652,"text":597,"children":667},[668,669,670,671,672],{"id":600,"depth":658,"text":601},{"id":611,"depth":658,"text":612},{"id":621,"depth":658,"text":622},{"id":631,"depth":658,"text":632},{"id":642,"depth":658,"text":643},"md",{"level":675,"category":676,"subCategory":677,"type":678},"B1","grammar","tense","quiz",true,"/zh/quiz/participe-present",{"title":5,"description":17},"zh/quiz/participe-present","LGsT12P8Pv4s2h9jHy-LNXyXWjeFMoyRjdn7Z5x7N-A",1776009090839]